This speaking lesson focusses on skills related to
- English pronunciation
- The English consonants
- Voiced and Unvoiced Consonant sounds
English consonant sounds are formed by complete or partial closure of the vocal tract during pronunciation. They are formed by blocking or restricting the flow of airwith the lips, mouth, front and back of the tongue, or the throat.
Symbol | Examples | |
1 | [p] | pit |
2 | [b] | bit |
3 | [t] | tab |
4 | [d] | dab |
5 | [k] | cab |
6 | [g] | gab |
7 | [f] | fan |
8 | [v] | van |
9 | [s] | sad |
10 | [z] | zoo |
11 | [m] | man |
12 | [n] | not |
13 | [h] | hot |
14 | [l] | lad |
15 | [r] | red |
16 | [w] | wed |
17 | [θ] | thought |
18 | [ð] | them |
19 | [ʃ] | shy |
20 | [ʒ] | treasure |
21 | [tʃ] | chime |
22 | [dʒ] | jam |
23 | [j] | yum |
24 | [ŋ] | sing |
Voiced vs. Unvoiced Consonants
All consonants are formed by the restriction of air by different parts of the mouth; however, there is another aspect of pronunciation that separates consonants into two types:
- Unvoiced consonants: formed without vibration of the vocal chords - e.g. [c]; [ʃ]
- Voiced consonants: formed without vibration of the vocal chords - e.g. [m]; [ð]
1. Unvoiced Consonants | ||
Symbol | Examples | |
1 | [p] | put |
2 | [t] | put |
3 | [tʃ] | cheat |
4 | [k] | chicken |
5 | [f] | flower |
6 | [θ] | theory |
7 | [s] | song |
8 | [ʃ] | shower |
2. Voiced Consonants | ||
Symbol | Examples | |
1 | [b] | bed |
2 | [d] | bed |
3 | [dʒ] | generation |
4 | [g] | beg |
5 | [v] | violin |
6 | [ð] | they |
7 | [z] | zed |
8 | [ʒ] | treasure |
9 | [m] | man |
10 | [n] | man |
11 | [ŋ] | song |
12 | [h] | hot |
13 | [l] | lot |
14 | [r] | rot |
15 | [w] | watt |
16 | [j] | yacht |