This is my friend, Chris.
I walk with him to school every day.
The Subject
The subject of the sentence usually comes before the verb. It is usually only one word, but sometimes more:
Peter is a lawyer.
It's raining right now.
Julie usually eats bread for breakfast.
My nationality is Canadian.
The Object
The object of the sentence usually comes after the verb:
I have two brothers.
Julie is eating bread.
Steve and Michelle are cooking dinner.
Jeff is brushing his teeth.
Pronouns
In English, we don't like to repeat the subject or object. Because of this, we use pronouns:
| Subject Pronouns | Object Pronouns |
|---|---|
| I | me |
| you | you |
| he | him |
| she | her |
| it | it |
| we | us |
| they | them |
Every day, Mark wakes up early. Then, Mark eats breakfast. Next, Mark takes a shower.
- Every day, Mark wakes up early. Then, he eats breakfast. Next, he takes a shower.
Joanna is coming by bus. Joanna doesn't have a car or bicycle.
- Joanna is coming by bus. She doesn't have a car or bicycle.
Dogs are running. People are running with the dogs.
- Dogs are running. People are running with them.
I really like tea. I drink tea every day.
- I really like tea. I drink it every day.
It & They
It is used for things, animals, and ideas. It is not used for people:
A: Where is your computer?
B: It's in my classroom.
Look at that giraffe. It's so tall!
I'm a police officer. It's a difficult job.
We also use it to talk about the time and temperature:
It's so hot today!
It rains a lot in the fall here.
It's 5 PM.
We use they and them for things, animals and people. It is used when there is only one. They and them are used when there is more than one.
There are so many people outside. What are they doing?
I have three cousins but I don't see them very often.
My cats are outside. The dogs are playing with them.
Exercise
Please click the Exercise link to continue.