Reducing Relative Clauses
~ing Form
~ing form clauses can replace both defining and non-defining relative clauses with an active verb as long as the subject is the same in both clauses.
- The people who were sitting at the back couldn't see or hear anything.
- The people sitting at the back couldn't see or hear anything.
- The people who I was sitting beside at the back couldn't see or hear anything.
- The people sitting beside me at the back couldn't see or hear anything.
~ed Form
If the relative clause contains a passive verb, both the relative pronoun and auxiliary verb, "be" can be omitted.
- The area which was chosen for re-development runs along the Fraser River.
- The area chosen for re-development runs along the Fraser River.
Participle Clauses Used as Adverbials
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