1-1 Auxiliary Verbs

Be

• The patient is complaining about his cold. (present continuous)

• The doctor was relying on the medicine she prescribed. (past continuous)

• I have been coughing for two weeks now. (present perfect continuous)

• He will be diagnosing children at the hospital. (future continuous)

• Those sirens are loud. They must be going to the ER. (infinitive continuous)

• She is being diagnosed by a wonderful doctor. (present continuous passive)

• The body was preserved by special medical techniques. (past simple passive)

• The cancerous cells have been destroyed. (present perfect passive)

• My fracture will be healed in a couple weeks. (future passive)

• Your research needs to be done during medical school. (infinitive passive)

Do

• Where does it hurt? (question)

• They don't do that at this hospital. (negative)

• Does he understand? (question)

• She didn't have the surgery yesterday. (negative)

• I usually don’t like injections, but I do get the flu shot.

• She said she doesn’t have any allergies, but she does have a rash.

• "Why didn't you go to the doctor yesterday?" "I did go!"

• "I thought he doesn’t like herbal medicine." "He does like it!"

Have

• I haven't gotten sick this year. (present perfect simple)

• She hadn't scheduled the surgery. (past perfect simple)

• When you begin treatment, the cancer will have already slowed its growth. (future perfect simple)

• Do you have an ache? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

• Have you got any allergies? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

• Does he have to throw up? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

• Has he got to go to the hospital? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't.

• Doesn't she have a primary physician? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

• Hasn't she got an appointment? Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.

• I had a cast when I was young. (past possession)

• She will have another MRI in an hour. (future possession)

• We have had this doctor for a long time. (present perfect possession)

• She would like to have her medical license soon. (infinitive possession)

• You had to call your doctor. (past obligation)

• They will have to prescribe something else. (future obligation)

• I have had to take the bus to medical school every day this year. (present perfect obligation)

• have breakfast, lunch, dinner, etc.
• have a great / terrible time
• have a shower / bath
• have fun
• have a party
• have a word with you

Other uses of auxiliary verbs in English:

Question Tags

• It's infected, isn't it?

• She has a temperature, doesn't she?

• He had the scans yesterday, didn't he?

• You won't do that, will you?

• You've been here a long time, haven't you?

• We aren't doing the surgery today, are we?

Short Answers

• "Are you studying medicine?" "Yes, I am."

• "Did they cure her?" "Yes, they did."

• "Have you been here long?" "No, I haven't."

• "Does she understand?" "No, she doesn't."

Reply Questions

• "We work in a very large hospital." "You do?" / "Do you?"

• "She doesn't have to worry about allergies." "She doesn't?" / "Doesn't she?"

• "He didn't get food poisoning." "He didn't?" / "Didn't he?"

• "They won't be here next week." "They won't?" / "Won't they?"

• "I have been in the pharmacy for one hour." "You have?" / "Have you?"