For Essay 3, you must include 1 or 2 quotations from one or two sources. A quotation is a part of the original text that you include in your essay and is reprinted exactly word-for-word. It is enclosed by a quotation mark on either end of the quotation and needs to be followed by a citation and reference to either a page number or paragraph, depending on the type of source you have.
Quotations
When there are page numbers:
(Smith, 2010, p. 13)
(Smith, 2010, pp. 13-14)
When it is a website with no page numbers (count paragraphs):
(Smith, 2010, ¶ 5)
Quoted words or phrases (not to be used in your essay)
Sometimes, only a single word or short phrase is quoted and is included in your essay sentence. In this case, no page or paragraph number is needed. However, you will not be using this style of quotation on your essay. For example:
Smith (2010) states his experience was “amazing.”
Some of the participants state their experience was “amazing” (Smith, 2010).
Quoted sentence
For your essay, you will be finding one or two sentences that are extremely important to your essay and can strengthen your argument by using the author’s original words. It should be something that is not easily rephrased or will loose its significance if you do rephrase it. The sentence you chose must be cut in order to fit into the grammar of your own sentence and should be no less than 6 and no more than 12 words. These types of quotation require page or paragraph numbers that are used as follows:
In-line quotation:
Smith (2010) states that his “experience of jumping out of a plane was totally amazing” (p. 45).
End quotation:
One of the participants states that his “experience of jumping out of a plane was totally amazing” (Smith, 2010, p. 45).
Broken quotation: (using an ellipsis to show where unnecessary parts were left out)
Smith (2010) states after jumping out of a plane that his “experience... was totally amazing” (p. 45).
Mid-sentence Quotation: (text continues after the quotation)
Smith (2010) states that his “experience of jumping out of a plane was totally amazing” (p. 45), and that he would do it again.
One of the participants states that his “experience of jumping out of a plane was totally amazing” (Smith, 2010, p. 45), and that he would do it again.